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Science Chapter 3 Answer Key

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Vocab
#1 A hard skeleton on the outside of the body of some animals. Exoskeleton
#2 The process of an animal changing form during its life cycle. Metamorphosis
#3 A characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment Adaptation
#4 A species that has no more members of its kind alive. Extinct Species
#5 The predictable order of changes in communities after a change occurs Succession
Lesson 1
#1 Do humans have an internal skeleton or an exoskeleton? Internal skeleton
#2 What is the difference between an internal skeleton and an exoskeleton? Internal skeletons are inside the body, exoskeletons are outside the body.
#3 How is an exoskeleton SIMILAR to an internal skeleton? They both are hard and provide support to the body.
#4 What do insects use to take in oxygen? Spiracles
#5 What do plants use to take in oxygen? Stomata
Lesson 2
#1 Do adaptations happen quickly or over many generations? Over many generations
#2 What is a change in a gene called? Mutation
#3 What is natural selection? If a mutation helps a plant or animal survive in its environment, it had a better chance to live and reproduce to pass off the gene to its offspring.
#4 What is an advantage of seeds that can be spread over a wide area? They may have less competition for resources
#5 Which of the following is true about succession? a. it is unpredictable b. it follows change b. it follows change
Lesson 3
#1 How is he long neck of a giraffe a helpful adaptation? Giraffe can reach high into trees to eat.
#2 What is a behavioral adaptation? Inherited behaviors that help animals survive.
#3 What is a structural adaptation? Useful changes in the body parts of an animal.
#4 "A bird builds a nest to lay her eggs" is an exaple of what kind of adaptation? Behavioral adaptation
#5 Cardinals have a short beak making it easier to break seeds than Heron's beaks, what kind of adaptation is this? Structural adaptation
Lesson 4
#1 How many stages are there in complete metamorphosis? Name the stages. 4 stages-Egg, Larva, Pupa, Adult
#2 How many stages are there in incomplete metamorphosis? Name the stages. 3 stages- Egg, Nymph, Adult
#3 How do frogs breathe when they are tadpoles? How does it change when they become adult frogs? Tadpoles breathe through gills when they are tadpoles. When they grow to be adult frogs they use lungs to breathe.
#4 What are some structural adaptations of adult frogs that help them survive? Explain how that adaptation helps the frog survive. Long legs to help frogs jump. Color helps them blend in to their environment. Webbed feet help them swim. Long tongue helps them catch insects to eat.
#5 Compare the difference in life cycle stages of a cat and a frog. Cat- looks like parents when it is born, grows to full size adult cat. Frog- Goes through metamorphosis: born an egg, grows to tadpole, tail shortens and grows legs to adult frog.
Final Question